Trimetazidine Hydrochloride is a medication primarily used to treat angina pectoris, a condition characterized by chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart. It works by improving the efficiency of energy production in heart cells, particularly under conditions of ischemia (reduced blood supply), thereby helping to maintain cardiac function and reduce the frequency of angina attacks.
Key Points:
1. Mechanism of Action:
Trimetazidine is a metabolic agent that shifts cardiac energy metabolism from fatty acid oxidation to glucose oxidation, which is more efficient under ischemic conditions. This helps to protect the heart cells from damage due to lack of oxygen.
2. Indications
- Treatment of stable angina pectoris.
- May be used as an adjunct therapy in combination with other antianginal drugs.
3. Dosage
The typical dosage is 20 mg three times a day or 35 mg twice daily for the modified-release formulation. It should be taken with meals.
4. Side Effects:
Common side effects may include gastrointestinal disturbances (such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain), dizziness, headache, and fatigue. Rare but serious side effects may include movement disorders such as parkinsonism.
5. Contraindications:
Trimetazidine is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min) and in those with Parkinson’s disease, parkinsonian symptoms, or other movement disorders.
6. Precautions:
It should be used with caution in elderly patients and those with moderate renal impairment. Regular monitoring of renal function is recommended during long-term treatment.
7. Drug Interactions:
Trimetazidine may interact with other medications, so it is important to inform the healthcare provider about all other drugs being taken.
8. Regulatory Status:
Trimetazidine is approved in many countries, but its use is sometimes restricted due to concerns about side effects, particularly movement disorders.
Important Note:
Trimetazidine has been in the news due to its misuse in sports as a performance-enhancing drug. It is on the World Anti-Doping Agency’s (WADA) list of prohibited substances because of its potential to enhance endurance and recovery.
Always talk to a healthcare professional before altering your medication plan to ensure it aligns with your health needs.