Benazepril is a prescription medication classified as an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It is widely used to manage high blood pressure (hypertension) and heart failure, and it may also help protect kidney function, especially in patients with diabetes.
What Is Benazepril Used For?
1. High Blood Pressure
- Helps lower blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels
- Can be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents
2. Heart Failure
- Reduces the workload on the heart
- Improves survival and decreases hospitalization rates in heart failure patients
3. Kidney Protection
- Beneficial in slowing kidney damage in patients with diabetes or protein in the urine
How Benazepril Works
Benazepril works by blocking the ACE enzyme, which normally converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II—a chemical that causes blood vessels to narrow. By preventing this conversion:
- Blood vessels relax and widen (vasodilation)
- Blood pressure decreases
- Circulation improves
- The heart can pump more efficiently
Dosage and Administration
- Usually taken once daily, with or without food
- Starting dose for high blood pressure: 10 mg per day
- Typical maximum dosage: 40 mg per day, adjusted by a healthcare provider as needed
- Dosage may differ for heart failure or kidney conditions
- Always follow the prescription instructions provided by your doctor.
Common and Serious Side Effects
Frequently Reported Side Effects:
- Dry, persistent cough
- Dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up
- Fatigue or weakness
- Headaches
Serious Reactions (Seek Medical Attention Immediately):
- Angioedema: Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat
- Severely low blood pressure (fainting or extreme dizziness)
- High potassium levels (irregular heartbeat, muscle weakness)
- Signs of kidney dysfunction (changes in urination)
Safety Warnings and Precautions
Do not take benazepril if you:
- Are pregnant or planning pregnancy – it can harm the unborn baby
- Are taking aliskiren (Tekturna) and have diabetes
- Have a history of angioedema associated with ACE inhibitors
Let your doctor know if you have:
- Kidney or liver disease
- High potassium levels
- Dehydration or low blood volume (can increase the risk of side effects)
Drug Interactions
Benazepril may interact with several medications. Be cautious if you are taking:
- Diuretics: May amplify blood pressure-lowering effects
- Potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics: Raise the risk of hyperkalemia
- NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen): Can reduce effectiveness and stress the kidneys
- Lithium: Increases the risk of lithium toxicity
Always share your full medication list with your healthcare provider.
Brand Names and Generic
Benazepril is available under the brand name Lotensin, though many prescriptions are now filled with generic versions, which are equally effective and often more affordable.
When to Contact a Healthcare Provider
Call your doctor immediately if you experience:
- A persistent dry cough
- Swelling of the face or throat
- Breathing difficulty
- Signs of elevated potassium (nausea, irregular heartbeat, muscle cramps)
Conclusion
Benazepril is an effective medication for controlling high blood pressure, supporting heart health, and protecting kidney function—especially in diabetic patients. When taken as directed and under medical supervision, it can significantly reduce your risk of complications related to hypertension.
Always speak to your doctor before starting, stopping, or adjusting benazepril or any other blood pressure medication.