Atorvastatin is a medication primarily used to lower cholesterol and stabilize plaque in arteries. Here’s a detailed overview:
What is Atorvastatin?
Atorvastatin is a statin, a class of drugs that inhibit an enzyme called HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a key role in cholesterol production in the liver. By reducing cholesterol levels, atorvastatin helps prevent cardiovascular diseases.
Uses:
1. Hyperlipidemia (High Cholesterol):
- Lowers LDL (bad cholesterol) and triglycerides.
- Increases HDL (good cholesterol).
2. Cardiovascular Risk Reduction:
- Prevents heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular events in people with risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, or a history of heart disease.
- 3. Atherosclerosis:
- Stabilizes plaque in arteries, reducing the risk of rupture and blockages.
Dosage:
- Typical starting dose: 10–20 mg once daily.
- Maximum dose: 80 mg daily (for high-risk patients).
- Taken orally, with or without food, usually in the evening.
Side Effects:
Common:
- Muscle pain or weakness.
- Joint pain.
- Diarrhea or constipation.
- Nausea.
Serious (Rare):
- Liver damage (elevated liver enzymes).
- Rhabdomyolysis (severe muscle breakdown).
- Memory loss or confusion.
- Increased blood sugar levels (risk of diabetes).
Contraindications:
- Active liver disease.
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
- Hypersensitivity to atorvastatin or its components.
Interactions:
Drugs:
- Other cholesterol-lowering medications (e.g., fibrates).
- Certain antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin).
- Antifungal medications (e.g., ketoconazole).
- Grapefruit juice (increases atorvastatin levels, raising the risk of side effects).
Monitoring:
- Regular liver function tests.
- Cholesterol levels (LDL, HDL, triglycerides).
- Muscle enzyme tests if muscle pain occurs.
Key Points:
- Atorvastatin is highly effective in managing cholesterol and reducing cardiovascular risk.
- Lifestyle changes (diet, exercise) should accompany treatment for optimal results.
- Report any unusual muscle pain, weakness, or dark urine to a healthcare provider immediately.
Always consult a healthcare professional before starting or stopping atorvastatin.