Alogliptin is an oral medication used to manage blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes. It’s part of a class of medications known as DPP-4 inhibitors, which help the body increase insulin levels after eating and reduce the amount of sugar made by the liver.
What Is Alogliptin?
- Drug Class: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor
- Brand Names: Sold under brand names like Nesina in the U.S.
- How It Works:
Blocks the DPP-4 enzyme, which breaks down incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP). This leads to:- Increased insulin release after meals
- Reduced sugar production by the liver
Who Should Use Alogliptin?
- Adults with type 2 diabetes, not for type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis
- Used in combination with diet, exercise, and sometimes other diabetes medications
How to Take Alogliptin
It is typically taken once a day by mouth, with or without meals.
Dosage may be adjusted in people with kidney problems
Alogliptin in Combination Therapy
Alogliptin is sometimes combined with other medications to improve blood sugar control, such as:
- Metformin (a biguanide)
- Pioglitazone (a TZD)
These combinations are available as fixed-dose tablets to simplify daily treatment.
Possible Side Effects
Common Side Effects:
- Headache
- Sore throat or nasal congestion (nasopharyngitis)
- Upper respiratory tract infections
Serious (But Rare):
- Pancreatitis (watch for severe abdominal pain)
- Severe joint pain
- Allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
Precautions and Warnings
- Pancreatitis: Patients should be monitored for signs like persistent stomach pain.
- Hypoglycemia Risk: Low blood sugar may occur when combined with other diabetes meds (e.g., insulin or sulfonylureas).
- Kidney Function: Kidney monitoring may be required, and the dosage adjusted if needed.
Who Should Avoid Alogliptin?
- Patients with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis
- People with known allergies to alogliptin or any inactive ingredients
Final Thoughts
Alogliptin offers an effective and generally well-tolerated option for improving blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes. It works best when paired with a healthy lifestyle and regular blood glucose monitoring.
Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or changing diabetes medication, especially if you have kidney issues, experience side effects, or are on other treatments.